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ASTM D1709
Dart Drop Test Method for Plastic Film

The ASTM D1709 dart drop test is a crucial method for assessing the impact resistance of plastic films and similar materials. By following the standard procedures, selecting the right test method, and using reliable equipment like the FDT-01 from Impacttesting.net, you can ensure consistent quality and compliance with industry standards.

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ASTM D1709 and Its Importance

In the quality assurance of flexible packaging materials, particularly plastic films, ASTM D1709 plays a vital role. This international standard specifies the dart drop test method, which evaluates the impact resistance of plastic films by determining the energy required to cause failure when a weighted dart is dropped from a fixed height. The results are essential for ensuring product performance during shipping, handling, and use. For manufacturers, quality control professionals, and laboratories working with polymer films, understanding and implementing ASTM D1709 ensures compliance with performance standards and consistency in production.

Understanding the Dart Drop Test Method

The dart drop test as defined by ASTM D1709 involves dropping a hemispherical-headed dart onto a clamped film specimen to determine the weight that causes 50% failure of specimens tested. The test provides a quantitative measurement of impact resistance.

There are two primary test methods:

  • Method A: Uses a 38.10 mm diameter dart dropped from 0.66 m.

  • Method B: Uses a 50.80 mm diameter dart dropped from 1.52 m.

Each method is suitable for different film types and performance thresholds. Method A is more common for lighter or thinner films, while Method B is used when a higher energy impact is expected.

ASTM D1709 Dart Drop Test Method for Plastic Film
Falling Dart Impact Tester

Key Steps in the Dart Impact Test Procedure

Test Specimen Preparation

  • Size and Quality: Ensure the specimens are large enough to extend beyond the clamp and free from visible defects like pinholes or folds.
  • Sampling: Take samples that are representative of the entire film production batch.
  • Conditioning: Condition all samples for at least 40 hours at 23 ± 2°C and 50 ± 10% relative humidity before testing, as outlined in ASTM D618.

Apparatus Setup

  • Use an approved dart drop tester like the FDT-01 from Impacttesting.net, which supports both Method A and B with precise dart release mechanisms.
  • Select and inspect the dart head to ensure it is free from scratches or defects.
  • Adjust the drop height accurately based on the chosen test method.
  • Ensure the dart release impacts the center of the clamped specimen and that no slippage occurs.

Dart Drop Testing Techniques

There are two main testing techniques under ASTM D1709:

Staircase Method

  • Use uniform weight increments (ΔW).
  • Increase or decrease the dart weight after each specimen depending on the failure result.
  • Test continues until 10 failures (X) and 10 non-failures (0) are obtained.
  • Calculate the failure weight (WF) using the staircase method formula:
    WF = W0 + ΔW(N/A − 0.5)
    Where:
    • W0 is the initial weight
    • ΔW is the increment
    • N is total failures (10)
    • A is the sum of index values of failed specimens

Alternative Method

  • Use a fixed dart weight for a group of specimens (usually 10).
  • Vary the dart weight between groups.
  • Determine the failure threshold using plotted data or moving averages.

This approach is often used in routine quality control for quick checks.

Common Issues and Solutions

Specimen Slippage: Use appropriate clamps and surface treatments (e.g., crocus cloth) to prevent movement during impact.

Inconsistent Results: Verify environmental conditions, dart alignment, and specimen preparation to ensure repeatability.

Dart Rebound: Always catch the dart after it hits to avoid multiple contacts and possible surface damage.

Why Choose Impacttesting.net's
FDT-01 Dart Drop Tester

The FDT-01 Dart Impact Tester from Impacttesting.net is engineered specifically for accurate and efficient testing per ASTM D1709. This instrument:

Supports both Method A and B testing
Features precise drop height adjustment and dart release
Offers digital control and data acquisition for reliable result tracking
Enhances productivity with intuitive interface and sturdy construction

Our expertise in packaging material testing, combined with customizable features and automation support, makes the FDT-01 a perfect fit for laboratories, production lines, and inspection agencies.

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